Important Terminology related to dbms

Important Terminology

Database: Database is a collection of inter-related data which helps in efficient retrieval, insertion and deletion of data from database and organizes the data in the form of tables, views, schemas, reports etc. For Example, university database organizes the data about students, faculty, and admin staff etc. which helps in efficient retrieval, insertion and deletion of data from it.

DDL is short name of Data Definition Language, which deals with database schemas and descriptions, of how the data should reside in the database.

CREATE: to create a database and its objects like (table, index, views, store procedure, function, and triggers)

ALTER: alters the structure of the existing database

DROP: delete objects from the database

TRUNCATE: remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for the records are removed

COMMENT: add comments to the data dictionary

RENAME: rename an object

DML is short name of Data Manipulation Language which deals with data manipulation and includes most common SQL statements such SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, etc., and it is used to store, modify, retrieve, delete and update data in a database.

SELECT: retrieve data from a database

INSERT: insert data into a table

UPDATE: updates existing data within a table

DELETE: Delete all records from a database table

MERGE: UPSERT operation (insert or update)

CALL: call a PL/SQL or Java subprogram

EXPLAIN PLAN: interpretation of the data access path

LOCK TABLE: concurrency Control

Database Management System: The software which is used to manage database is called Database Management System (DBMS). For Example, MySQL, Oracle etc. are popular commercial DBMS used in different applications. DBMS allows users the following tasks:

Data Definition: It helps in creation, modification and removal of definitions that define the organization of data in database.

Data Updation: It helps in insertion, modification and deletion of the actual data in the database.

Data Retrieval: It helps in retrieval of data from the database which can be used by applications for various purposes.

User Administration: It helps in registering and monitoring users, enforcing data security, monitoring performance, maintaining data integrity, dealing with concurrency control and recovering information corrupted by unexpected failure.